Vi lascio in questo post degli appunti, tratti da un articolo della facoltà di scienze della comunicazione di Roma, che possono esservi d'aiuto quando vi verrà richiesto di sviluppare un testo in stile giornalistico.
Il registro standard
È tipico dello stile giornalistico ed è caratterizzato da parole neutre, né familiari e scherzose, né letterarie. I periodi sono semplici, accurati e non contengono errors. It can be used in all situations without mistakes, from the most formal and informal ones.
Some rules to follow to write an article
a) Simple exposure. As Albert Einstein said "things have to be made as simple as possible. ... But not simpler." So too careful not to trivialize the text and prompt the reader to misunderstanding
b) Ability to summarize. Space is precious and the attention of the reader is limited. Once you've written that sentence is important to do an audit, review and ask if they can accorcialra removing frills language, adverbs, adjectives unnecessary, useless descriptions.
c) Objectivity; The separate opinions from facts, is a golden rule of the Anglo-Saxon journalism.
d) Use of direct testimony. Describe an event in an objective and detached the word also means the players, by opening and closing quotes.
e) Scan the article. To facilitate reading the article must be scanned spatially well. The text should be well broken not just by the punctuation, but also often go to the head.
elements of the news exposure
-Lead or lead or opening where you anticipate a summary or a detail of the fact
-Focus che racchiude il significato della notizia, è il contenuto su cui impostare l’intrattenimento
-Struttura il cui si succedono le informazioni che può essere cronologica o logica; e in questo secondo caso procedere per azione e reazione o per causa ed effetto
-Titolo che può essere costruito su due modelli: enunciativo (freddo) che espone il fatto e paradigmatico (caldo) che commenta il fatto. Il titolo vero e proprio di una o più righe indica in modo sintetico l’argomento dell’articolo. L’occhiello o sopratitolo introduce la notizia, riassumendo quanto si è detto nell’articolo. Il sommario fornisce su più righe ulteriori indicazioni riguardo all’avvenimento
La writing an article s'apprende only with exercise. To facilitate your work, we can show you the six basic steps to build a newspaper article that draws the reader to the quality of information provided to the expressive form adopted and used for the communication strategy.
1. Making the choice of the information collected.
a) identify the essential elements, those accessories and the unnecessary.
b) Identify additional elements among those that may apply to you (a funny detail, a hot item, an explanation, etc.).
2. Measure the time of preparation and control emotions or enthusiasm.
a) determine the length of text.
b) know that the text calls short to read more. In addition to 4,500 characters (3 sheets of 25 lines with 60 characters per line), the text becomes unattractive to the reader.
3. Establish a narrative structure.
a) from general to specific ol'inverso.
b) give all the information immediately, or later developed progressively revealed
c) respect the chronology of the facts and arguments, or do a personal fitting.
4. Use the particularities of journalistic style.
a) short sentences
b) words precise and understandable / accessible (to adopt the terms used and relevant to the subject to be treated.
c) formulation of frase scattante, privilegiare la paratassi, come per scrivere annunci pubblicitari.
d) essere molto concreti.
e) fare uso di immagini
f) usare uno stile molto diretto.
5. Sviluppare il tema trattato crendo un percorso disseminato di concetti e parole chiave che costruiscono la trama del testo.
a) un « attacco » che introduce l’argomento o lo riassume e che attira il lettore (cfr. le varie tipologie di introduzione già esaminate).
b) costruire il corpo del testo con paragrafi che scandiscono l’argomento e forniscono dettagli, spiegazioni, paragoni (similitudini e differenze), cause ed effetti, che vengono strutturati in modo strategico da riattivare ogni volta l’attenzione interest of the reader.
c) parafrafo a final summing up or "close the circle 'or broadening the topic.
d) a proper conclusion (see the conclusion of various types have already been considered).
6. Being able to draw attention to your article: title, eyelet, summary
a) give the title two specific functions: to inform and attract the reader.
b) two valuable contributions: the hoop or surtitles and the TOC.
c) a requirement: to say something that is essential and relevant to the article.
d) a quality: brevity and precision.
The Ten Commandments of the second journalist Piero Ottone
1. Always write the truth, the whole truth, only truth.
2. Cite sources. If your source wants to remain anonoma, formal notice.
3. Check what you're told. If you can not see, take the distance.
4. Do not defame our neighbor, and avoid phrases like 'it appears that this man has stolen ... "" This is said to have killed another .... "
5. Do not force the reader to read a column of stuff before you start to understand what has happened.
6. Do not make long quotations in quotation marks the beginning of a "piece" without revealing that it is now their author.
7. Do not put in quotation marks, titles, phrases other than those which were handed down.
8. Avoid hyperbole and metaphors of Peter, as a "storm" (the party is in the storm), "yellow" (yellow Ustica), "quarrel" (and is now a fight between x and y), 'the blue' "burst like a bomb."
9. Before writing the title "London is in a panic," is' to London and see whether it really eight million people have gone out of his head.
10. Never say 'objectivity does not exist. " It is the alibi of those who want to talk about balls.
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